The Symbol Of Chinese Mink

According to media sources, since ancient times, the special animal fur represented by mink has always been regarded as a symbol of honor and status. There is a poem in ancient times: "Zhang Shilu, the original constitution is poor, the cow clothes are cold and cheap, Diao Chan is expensive", "the marten crown, the water green jade, the purple ribbon gold medal", the mink's value and rare are obvious. Today, mink coats are still regarded as high-end luxury goods. Tens of thousands of price tags are frequently prohibitive to ordinary consumers. Having a pure mink coat is also a dream of many people.

The mink coat is very expensive, though its processing technology is cumbersome (more than two hundred processes), and the number of mink is also one of the important reasons. But in Wendeng, Weihai, Jiaodong, there is such a town. Here, almost every household keeps mink, and rare animals such as foxes and raccoons are everywhere. Take this as the center, within 50 km radius. Special animals Total annual storage has reached 11 million 100 thousand, accounting for more than 60% of the country's total. This has also become an important raw leather supply base for China's fur industry. So what is the status of the industry and where will it go in the face of all kinds of difficulties? With these questions, reporters visited the Hou Jia town, Wendeng, Shandong, which was once known as "the first town of mink farming in China" by CCTV and other news media.

Driving down from the downtown area of Wendeng along the San Hai Road (the new coastal road of Nanhai New District), it only takes about twenty minutes to arrive at Hou Jia town's residence, whether it is a large breeding base beside the highway, or a small farm scattered near the village. It is full of vigor and vitality. Farmers are busy walking through the cage or exchanging their feeding experiences. Mink, raccoon and other animals are not rare here, and even some rare species such as blue Martens and colored martens. In order to have a deeper understanding of the industry, the reporters interviewed Bi Yaowen, deputy mayor of the special breed aquiculture of Hou Jia Zhen, the chairman of the local mink Association, the new peak fur breeding farm, and the "mink king" Liu Lubo.

Marten bright marten is hard to maintain

Hou Jia Zhen town area is 86 square kilometers, the climate is warm in winter and cool in summer, the air is fresh and pleasant, the terrain is flat and wide, and the water, land and air logistics are accessible in all directions. Mink, wussuri raccoon and fox and other special fur animals are traditional industries in rural areas. Not only natural conditions such as climate are very suitable for mink and so on. Fur animal The growth of Bohai's and the Yellow Sea's rich seafood also provide the industry with unique feed resources. Farming experience is abundant, and technology is also very mature. The average birth rate of female mink is more than 4. {page_break}

After China's accession to the WTO, especially in recent years, through the opportunity of the international fur market, the town Party committee and government have focused on the special animal breeding industry as a leading industry in building new socialist countryside, increasing farmers' income and stimulating local economic growth by optimizing the service and other measures. The total number of mink, raccoon dog, Fox and so on has reached 3 million 800 thousand, the total value of the industry is over 1 billion 400 million yuan, and the special farming income has occupied more than 40% of the total per capita income of the whole town. The industry as a whole has been improving, but some farmers still believe that mink is hard to maintain. Why?

First of all, Hou Jia's Mink farming The industry was spontaneously formed at first. Extensive retail aquaculture occupied a major part. And influenced by the concept of peasant wealth, most of the farmers were still at the lowest end of the industrial chain. They received profits from the most primitive raw leather supply, but did not expand their production capacity or extend the production chain. There were few fur processing enterprises in Hou Jia town and even Jiaodong peninsula. They could only serve as raw material supply bases for fur processing in Hebei and other places. Affected by this, the price of leather purchase has been kept in the hands of fur traders from the field. Because the information is ineffective or asymmetrical, fur traders have mastered a lot of market information, while farmers' information is relatively closed. Some illegal traders take advantage of this to deceive, buy, sell, press down prices, and seek huge profits. What is more, they colluded for the crafty, suddenly stopped collecting at the rush hour of buying leather products, and spread rumors of price down, which made farmers rush to sell, and often suffered huge losses. Although it is a large aquaculture Town, Hou Jia Zhen and its surrounding areas do not have a unified trading market, and from another aspect it also encourages fur traders to exploit. It is the embarrassing situation of the entire breeding industry to pay the hardest labor and get the lowest share.

Secondly, although mink farming is at the low end of the industrial chain, it is still constrained by many upstream factors. In order to get good quality of mink, nutrition must be kept in mink feeding. In addition to fish, animal liver, plant coarse fiber and other nutrients are also needed. Therefore, although the purchase price of mink is relatively high, the cost of raising it can not be ignored. In recent years, all the feed quotas have been on the rise, and the cost of labor has increased considerably. Therefore, although mink can bring considerable income, the net income has not increased proportionately, which has affected the enthusiasm of farmers to a certain extent. In addition, supplementation of cod liver oil and trace elements is necessary to promote mink growth. Part of the illegal manufacturers are acting on this. 2011. Some farmers died due to the use of unqualified medicines produced by a pharmaceutical factory in Henan. Although the government has stepped up coordination, the relevant cases have entered the judicial process, but the loss to the mink households is immeasurable.

Third, feeding and management are relatively extensive, and the ability to resist risks and control diseases is relatively weak. In terms of farmers, most of the farmers are scattered and small, and are fighting for their own profits and losses. Moreover, due to the relative occlusion of information, farmers' lack of anticipation of the market has an unknown fear of risks. When prices are good, they are reluctant to sell and sell when the market is bad. In the field of farms, small and medium-sized farms are located around the villages. Some of them are located inside the villages. In most villages, sewage and sewage are discharged into natural water through the open ditch, resulting in more serious pollution. Especially when the temperature is high, it is easier to breed mosquitoes and flies. The smell of animal feces fermentation can not be evacuated in time, which can easily lead to the outbreak of human and animal diseases. Moreover, due to the relative concentration of small and medium-sized farms, it is difficult to isolate them once the outbreak occurs. Therefore, whether it is natural infection death or man-made culling, it is a huge loss to farmers, and even a devastating disaster. {page_break}

Although the long journey is long, the prospect can be expected.

Bi Zhen Chang said frankly that despite the difficulties in implementing top-down reforms in the industry that bottom-up development, the government still has confidence in steadily regulating and guiding the industry. Liu Feng Chang of the new peak fur farm also revealed that the state is increasing support and investment in the fur industry. For example, his farm has been used by the agricultural sector to study the key technologies of high quality and precious fur production in different ecological areas, and the core group of Silver Blue marten breeding in Wendeng, Shandong, and equipped with relevant technical personnel to support it.

First, the government is making efforts to extend the industrial chain, and some of the plans have been put into effect. First of all, the tax exemption policy for farming products as agricultural and sideline products will continue and reduce the pressure of farmers. Secondly, the government actively organizes personnel to take the initiative to go out. At present, the group with clothing and processing capacity represented by Tian Hai mink industry has established a breeding base and expects to directly absorb some of the original leather products in the future.

Second, accelerate the project investment in Jiaodong's fur trading market. At present, the construction of the Nanhai New Area in Wendeng has begun to take shape. The dredging port has been opened to traffic. The planned dredging railway will set up stations in Hou's territory. In addition to the existing developed transportation system, the location advantage is excellent. The establishment of regional trading market's raw materials, transportation and logistics is unique. Hou Jia Zhen has compiled relevant investment promotion plans and has been promoted. If this project is completed, it will provide an open and fair unified trading market for the vast farmers in Peninsular region, promote industrial development, stimulate rapid economic growth, earnestly protect the interests of farmers, and comprehensively promote the construction of a harmonious society in a new socialist countryside.

Third, we should strengthen joint efforts among farmers and encourage the establishment of mutual aid organizations such as cooperatives. In the next few years, the government intends to unify the allocation of sites through the construction of new socialist countryside, the transformation of old villages and the merging of villages, so as to guide the centralized cultivation, unified planning and coordinated management of individual farmers. In form, we encourage farmers to unite and share technology and market information to jointly resist market risks. At the same time, the government is also committed to the innovation of the service mode. From the early fur trade to the current special responsibility, in the process of creating a service oriented government, the government wants farmers to think that the farmers are anxious to make sure that the farmers are able to find benefits.

Where is the difficulty of traditional industrial reform?

After completing the interview, I couldn't help falling into contemplation. Similarly, the clothing industry is also at the low end of the industrial chain, and the current situation in other fields is similar to that. Xinjiang is the main cotton producing area, but there is no large-scale cotton trading market and so on. The intermediate dependence of the intermediate links makes the main producing areas of these garments only struggle at the bottom of the industry and lose the right to speak to the market. Moreover, the elongated supply chain also increased the uncertainty of the circulation link and increased the market risk. Most of these traditional industries are spontaneously formed by farmers, and they all have chronic diseases such as industrial decentralization, extensive management and lagging consciousness. Although the government is committed to drastic reforms, it can only be improved step by step because of many problems left over by history. But we should also see that in these spontaneous industries, the effect of government's guidance and support is becoming more and more evident. Many industry leaders are leading all kinds of attempts and innovations. With the top-down guidance from the government and the self regulation from the bottom up to the inside of the industry, these traditional industries will eventually get out of their difficulties and become more standardized and healthy.