Technology Application In The Development Of Running Shoes

Today's Olympic Games are no longer low tech sports. From pole vaulter shoes, swimmers' bathing suits, bicycle racing cars and other equipment and clothing, inside and outside, up and down, and all parts are full of high technology, "faster, higher and stronger" Olympic Games have become "more scientific".

1, runway and running shoes, using plastic runway to improve and break the record of human movement, is a classic of modern sports.

In the history of human sports, stone, mud, sand, grassland and cinder ground are the basic environments and venues for people to display their athletic ability. But with the development of science and technology, humans seem to have found more excellent venues. For example, polyurethane plastic runway is the best sport ground recognized internationally.

Plastic runway usually has a thickness of 13 millimeters. Its advantages are good elasticity, abrasion resistance, skid resistance, beautiful color, clean site, easy maintenance and management, and no weather conditions.

This kind of field is flat and uniform, absorbs vibration and bounces freely. Athletes fall down can also reduce the injury degree. Moreover, the runway is smooth, non slippery and elastic, and helps athletes release physical fitness and improve their performance.

In addition, because of the psychological beauty, the runway is bright and beautiful, which gives the athletes a sense of comfort, which can uplift the spirit and improve the competitive level.

Numerous large international competitions show that athletes 100M sprint is 0.2 to 1.03S faster on the polyurethane runway than on the cinder track, while the long jump performance can be increased by 20 to 30CM.

The future development of runway may be to focus on the interaction between athletes and runways during training and competitions, and develop more advanced materials to reduce the incidence of injuries.

The use of scientific and technological means to pform sports shoes is also an effective way to create new records.

At the Tokyo World Athletics Championships in 1991, American athlete Lewis broke the world record of 100 meters with the score of 9S86. It is generally believed that his running shoes are important "Heroes".

His shoes were carefully designed by sports mechanics, medical experts and shoemaker, and only 115K was heavy, with a light and strong ceramic shoe pin in the soles.

Because the ceramic is wear-resistant and there is no adhesive near the nail, the weight of the shoe has been reduced by 20K, which laid a solid material foundation for him to break the 100M world record.

In the Olympic Games, the perfect combination of running shoes and high-tech is far beyond swimsuit. It has become the fastest sports equipment for upgrading.

In the last Olympic Games, American men and women flying Michael, Johnson and Marianne Jones wore "golden hamstring shoes" and "crystal shoes" made by Nike researchers for 3 years respectively.

The two shoes are light in weight and strong in elasticity, which greatly improves the competitive level of two people.

Long distance running shoes, the Mediterranean sun will heat up the surface of the Athens highway, so Adidas put the metal lining foil inside the shoe's inner bottom and side belt to reflect the heat.

This pair of shoes weighs only 14 ounces.

The slighter shoes are lighter and better. Therefore, Reebok Co has made polyurethane upper for each pair of sprint shoes weighing only 11.2 ounces.

The designer melts the outer layer and sole of the shoe into one, eliminating the weight of the seam and suture.

The development trend of running shoes: 1. study the impact absorption material of "rubber mechanism", so as to provide better impact absorbing balance ability and better stability than EVA; 2. new feature design, such as color, modeling, and so on; 3. all kinds of attempts to increase the aerodynamic force in the shoes, so as to facilitate mild sweating; 4., the advancement of observation technology of foot tissue deformation during running.

2, pole vault bars and shoes, which once jumped out of heavy, springy and easily broken wooden poles, were 3.30M. In 1905, athletes began to use lighter weight and flexible bamboo poles, and the highest score reached 4.77M. In 1930, athletes used stronger metal aluminum rods, which was a historic breakthrough because of reducing the worries behind the breaking of braces, athletes could raise grip points, speed up run-up speed, and their performance broke through to 4.8M; when material mechanics was combined with new materials, people in 1948 created lighter weight and stronger elastic glass fiber rods, and human pole vaulting achievements suddenly broke through 6.0M limit.

Nike designer and former American University pole vaulting Tinker Hatfield and his brother Tobey made a kind of shoe made of glass fiber, that is, the injection molded shoe soles gradually thinned from the front to the rear, the heel part was 17MM thick, and the toes were only thickly 7MM, so as to reduce the pressure of the Achilles tendon during sprint and increase the stability of the take-off.

The upper is made of Aeroply material, which is a thermoplastic material with good permeability and ductility, so the weight of a pair of shoes is less than 14 ounces.

3, the imitation shark skin swimsuit in the Athens Olympic Games men's 200 m freestyle final, Australia "torpedo" Ian Thorpe pressed Holland famous Hok van band and US rookie Phelps, won a gold medal.

During the match, Thorpe was still wearing the conjoined swimsuit from the top to the bottom.

Hogan Band's coach believes that it is this "black skin" that helped Thorpe win the gold medal in the two Olympic Games.

Thorpe is wearing the second generation of Adidas's "jet concept" conjoined swimsuit at this Olympic Games.

Some people believe that skinny dipping without swimming Bathing will swim faster, because one is to lose the weight of swimsuits and two is to lose the resistance of swimsuits.

However, experiments prove that the resistance of swimsuits is 9% larger than that of swimsuits. Swimsuits can make the body streamlined and less resistant.

In 1950, nylon swimsuits, which could be freely retractable, swept the world. And the styles of swimsuits changed constantly. The main reason was that they all followed a motion mechanics principle: the more streamlined the objects, the smaller the resistance, the faster the speed.

So in 1976, DuPont Co made swimsuits with less resistant polyurethane fibers.

The real breakthrough is the appearance of "shark skin" bathing suit.

Researchers used Teflon fibers as raw materials to make shark skin bathing suits, and the height and width of the protuberances were strictly measured. At the same time, the body was also equipped with a body observation system, which can record the characteristics of swimmen and make swimsuits more comfortable.

Swimmers agree that even the best swimmers have 92% of the energy wasted in overcoming the three resistance: friction resistance, pressure differential resistance and water wave resistance.

What is the most important way to overcome the resistance? How to reduce the impact of various resistances? With the help of laser simulation and computer hydrodynamics software, designers of Speedo, the famous swimsuit brand, believe that friction resistance is the easiest to overcome.

To eliminate this resistance, they invented two unique fibers, Fastskin and Flexskin, and used them to mimic the mechanism of shark skin to make bathing suits.

They scanned the bodies of 450 elite athletes by computer, and made a human model according to their average size, then experimentation at a swimming pool in Otago University, New Zealand.

The swimmer wears a swimsuit with the fastest speed, and the total drag can be reduced by 4%, the company said.

4, bicycle cyclists are the biggest fool in the Summer Olympics, and they have no alternative to it because they rely so much on a machine that drives their power to the East and swings and overcomes aerodynamic drag.

This means that the cyclists like to pick each component they use, and analyze the selected parts to the smallest millimeter.

Bicycle materials have gone through the following processes: Wooden bikes from around 1940, steel bikes around 1870, and later titanium bicycles known as "the only suitable materials for bicycles".

In twenty-first Century, what kind of material is more suitable for making bicycles? Mankind has begun a new exploration.

The special bicycle parts company (Specialized) welded the fork bone skeleton with carbonized fiber to the aluminum underframe, forming a bicycle body with a pverse and stable vertical elasticity.

And it's very light, only 2.8 pounds.

The Michelin Co has developed a bicycle tire that eventually abandoned the tube.

The tyre valve is screwed into the wheel, and the rim of the tire is closed to the rim.

The chance of a flat tire is reduced accordingly.

5, technology football, as Bill football Murray, British football historian said, "the earth is shrinking, the football is magnifying", and the progress of science and technology has changed the dribs and drabs of human society.

China is the origin of football. As for the production materials of football, Xu Jian, a Tang Dynasty man, wrote in the book "beginner's notes" that "Cuju is a ball game, and it is used for entangling ancient fur. Today's skin is made of cells, and the cell is inside, and it is hid and closed."

That is to say, at that time, people began to use animal's coat as inner liner, then sealed it with their mouths and then made leather with leather.

The evolution of modern football began in England. According to records, the first "ball" is the head of a Danish bandit who was killed.

The real sense of modern football is made of leather, with a rubber liner inside.

The biggest problem of football is that when soccer is used in a humid environment, the ball absorbs water easily, so it becomes heavy and difficult to control.

The typical modern football is made of natural rubber, which is lined with polyurethane and is made of multi-layer and reinforced lining.

The 2002 Soccer World Cup designated "flying meteor" was designed, developed and produced by Adidas soccer laboratory in Germany. All the 2002 World Cup matches will be hand sewn in Morocco.

They believe that the "flying meteor" is by far the most accurate football.

Despite the fact that the "meteor of fire" has made it difficult for many of the world's top stars, however, it represents a technological advance.

It is made of synthetic materials, which are made of synthetic leather with a thickness of only 3 millimeters on the football surface, including high curing polyurethane, pparent polyurethane coating and "micro bubble mixed plastic", together with a total of 10 layers of natural rubber material.

According to the German Bayer company, which produces microbubbles, this material consists of a number of micro airbags with a diameter of only 0.1 millimeters, uniform size, high elasticity and excellent impact resistance. These micro airbags are arranged with a density of tens of thousands of centimeters per square centimeter.

In addition to microbubble mixed plastics, there is a layer of mesh around the air bladder in the middle of the ball, which is a very flexible reinforced material.

Adidas called it "Rachel warp knitted fabric".

When players play football, this layer of mesh can prevent the deformation of football, so that the movement direction of the ball will not change during the flight.